The tooth that is not completely erupted and cannot be erupted is called an impacted tooth. Third molar teeth, called wisdom teeth, are the most frequently impacted teeth. However, the canine teeth are the second most frequently impacted teeth (especially the upper canine). It may be encountered that all of the lower aech, except lower incisors and first molars may be impacted. Sometimes it is also seen that the teeth that are formed supernumerary are impacted.

Impaction of the tooth is considered a pathological condition and requires treatment. The treatment is usually related to tooth extraction, orthodontic eruption, removal of the gum tissue that covers the impacted tooth (operculektomy), replacement of the tooth by another tooth or surgical placement, or just follow-up. In particular, only removal of the crown of the impacted tooth (coronectomy) is suggested, especially in cases where the lower impacted wisdom tooth that close to the sensory nerve.

Impaction of the tooth (depending on the degree of impaction) can cause the following problems.

* Pericoronitis (inflammation of gingiva around partially impacted tooth)

* Caries

* Resorption at the adjacent tooth root

* Infection spreading to deep tissues

* Development of cyts and tumours.

Impacted tooth extraction is the routine procedure of oral and maxillofacial surgeons.